ROLE OF EDUCATION IN CREATING QUALITY HUMAN RESOURCES (1)

By : Subagio,M.Pd

Operation of educational institutions in any country in the world is seen as a valuable strategic program. This is based on an assumption that the educational process is a process that deliberately held exclusively aiming merely to the nation. Through the educational process will form the shapes of individual as human resources will play a major role in the process of nation and state. Therefore, the role of education is thus very important because education is key to creating quality human resources.
The relationship between the educational process with the creation of human resources is a logical relationship which can not be separated. This is consistent with the notion of education itself. Mc. Donald gives the formulation of education: "... is a process or an activity the which is directed at producing Desirable in the behavior of Human Beings." Education is a process or activity that aims to produce changes in human behavior. Simply put, changes in behavior that occur due to changes in the three elements include elements of cognitive, affective and psychomotor (Bloom's Taxonomy).
Other opinions, ie opinions Mc. Donald didalammnya Winarno Surakhmad line with the opinion that suggests that: Pendididkan or narrowed in terms of teaching, is a business that is conscious purpose, with a systematic focus on changing behavior. Go to maturity protégé. Changes that refers to a process that must be passed. Without that process change is not possible, without due process can not be achieved that goal. And the process is referred to here is the process of education.
While the notion of education from the standpoint of culture, Darji Darmodiharjo explained as follows: Education is primarily as the culture that leads to civilization. Culture in its broadest sense is a form of combination of logic (mind), ethic (willingness), aesthetics (sense) and praktika (works) which is a vital system of values and ideas (ideas) is important to be lived by a group of people (communities) within the period specified too specific.
One other notion is quite essential to understand the sense of education, as proposed by Max Muller put forward again by the BS where Mardiatmadja, namely that "Education is an organized process to help that person achieve his true form as a human being."
Of some notion of "education" as dikutif above is very clear that education is an activity in order to change the behavior of students object to the positive direction. Education summarizes aspects of intellectual, affective and psychomotor humans, also touched the copyright sense and intention. Education also stimulate thoughts, feelings and the human will to act wisely with the environment into account.
School as an educational institution is an organization within gerakkannya closely related to the education sector starting from the lowest level to the highest level, ie ranging from Kindergarten, Primary School, First School, High School and Higher Education.
Education is not only important on an individual basis, but also important for the process of nation and state, what country are building as well as Indonesia will be expecting the process of education can achieve optimal results with respect to still need well-educated human resources; human resources quality in order to catch up in national development and globalization era full of challenges.
In the era of globalization, educational institutions must be able to print the "leader-leader" a strong and qualified. "Leader-leader" in the future should be able to change the mindset to get things done by human strength (manpower) into a mindset of brain power (mindpower). The concept of education must also be able to generate output that educational institutions could create a "corporate culture", so it can adjust to the prevailing norms of that time and in turn grow the creativity and initiative, so comes the new opportunities (new opportunity). Out put the future of education is also expected to see human beings not as workers but as a partner with a distinct advantage. Thus, a leader who came out from global competition, should be able to see people as people, not workers.
In connection with that role, then the education providers by educational institutions need to really get serious attention and treatment of all parties for the sake of optimizing the achievement of desired goals.
National education goals is an ideal goal in the process of attainment efforts implemented gradually in accordance with the level and type of education. Therefore, any institutional framework of achieving national education goals have set a goal of conformity with the level and type of education.
At present, efforts to achieve the expected goal of education has been the subject of discourse and ideas of experts with respect to education in Indonesia is still very low quality of education at this time. Quality education that is expected at every level schools, from kindergarten (kindergarten), Elementary School (SD), Junior Secondary School (Junior), High School / Vocational (SMU / SMK), to Higher Education (PT ), can achieve a minimum level of achievement of educational objectives based on certain standards.
Determination of student competency standards as a minimum standard of achievement of the education process motivated by a wish to create at least equal quality as a result of the education process at the high school. This shows a fact that the results of education in Indonesia over half a century after independence, has still not achieved the expected results. Government through the Ministry of National Education is very aware of the reality of the low quality of education in Indonesia, such as the following statement:
One of the educational problems faced by Indonesian people is the low quality of education at all levels and units of education, especially primary and secondary education. Various attempts have been made to improve the quality of national education. However, various indicators of education quality has not shown a uniform increase. Some schools, especially in the cities, showed an increase in the quality of education is quite encouraging, but others are still apprehensive.
Talking about the deterioration of the quality of education in Indonesia with the various indicators, it will not inexhaustible. But more important than that is how to handle it in conjunction with the problems of education in Indonesia, among others, regarding the need for understanding and assessment of vision, mission and goals of national education.
Many things have been done by the government in an effort to improve the quality of education. But the fact the outcome was still not achieved what is expected. Improved quality of education remains a discussion of "up to date" to be discussed.
Based on observations and anilisis conducted, the Department of Education concluded as follows: there are at least three factors that cause the quality of education has not increased evenly. The first factor of national education policy and education using the approach to production function or input-output analysis that are not implemented consistently. The second factor, of national education is done centrally, thus placing the school as the education is highly dependent on bureaucratic decisions. The third factor, the role of the public, especially parents of students in educational administration has been very minimal.
In connection with the above problems, the steps taken as a policy is to reorient education, namely improving the quality of center-based management towards improving the quality of school-based management. This concept relies on granting broad autonomy to the school held his education. Active community participation in education is returned to the needs of the community, parents and local governments.
Paradigm shift in education in Indonesia which this reformative nuanced according to World Bank analysis in the background backs on the conditions: (1) the principal does not have sufficient authority to manage school finances led (2) the ability of management principals generally low, especially in public schools: (3) the pattern of the budget does not allow for teachers who do well can earn incentives, and (4) very little community participation in school management.
On the basis of the weaknesses mentioned above, the purpose of school-based implementation manjememen expected to cover the weaknesses so far. As stated in the book: Guidelines Implmentasi MBS in West Java said that school-based iterative implementation has the following aims: (1) improve the quality of education through self-reliance in schools initiative in managing and empowering resource available: (2) increase awareness of citizens of the school and communities in organizing education through shared decision-making, (3) increasing the responsibility of schools to parents, schools and government about the quality of schools, (4) increasing healthy competition between - schools for achieving the expected educational quality.